CULTURAL MAPPING PORTAL

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ZAPIN PULAU DANCE

Zapin Pulau, originating from Pulau Tioman and Pulau Aur in Mersing, Johor, is a distinctive variation of zapin dance that reflects the cultural identity of the island communities. This traditional art form has been preserved and passed down through generations by local figures dedicated to maintaining its authenticity.<div> </div> ...

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Kodai Makan Ain (Sri Menanti), Block A Perkampu...

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MASAK LEMAK ASAK LEMAK CILI API SIPUT SEDUT (BELITUNG) CAMPUR BATANG KELADI

Negeri Sembilan, also known as Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus, is a state located on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The people of Negeri Sembilan are originally from the Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra, Indonesia, who started migrating here in the 14th century. This community group then settled in nine areas of Johol, Jelebu, Klang, Sungei Ujong, Naning, Rembau, Jelai, Segamat, and Pasir Besar, then formed a federation known as Negeri Sembilan.In terms of traditional dishes, Negeri Sembilan is famous for its Gulai Lemak Chili Api or also known as "masak lomak lado api." This dish is a symbol of Negeri Sembilan's traditional Malay cuisine and comes from the influence of Minangkabau. It is often prepared using ingredients such as fish, snails, chicken, vegetables, and smoked meat. Thus, Masak Lemak Cili Api Siput Sedut (Belitung) Mixed with Yam Stem is very popular because of its rich and spicy taste, making it one of the iconic foods in this state.<div> </div> ...

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ALAT MUZIK SULING (SERULING)

The flute, in the context of the Kadazan-Dusun ethnic community, is a traditional musical instrument in the category of aerophones, a mouth flute type that is shorter in size than the length of a regular flute. It is made of Sumbiling bamboo, which has five or six finger holes known as 'Pongombitan'. The thumb hole is known as 'Molohing Tunturu'. Both ends of the flute are pierced for the flow of blowing from the mouth and the flow of the sound tone produced. The hole for blowing is known as 'Pogunian', and the end of the flute hole (back) is known as 'Pongirusan'. This flute musical instrument is easier to make compared to other bamboo musical instruments. However, precision is required in its production to ensure that the flute maintains the authenticity of its sound and the manufacturing tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation. ...

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Kumpulan Penari Limbai Karamaian. Kampung Kelam...

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TARIAN BAKANJAR

Bakanjar is a traditional dance from the Dusun Tatana tribe in the Kuala Penyu, Sabah. This dance reflects the art of self-defence and bravery, making it a form of war dance in the Tatana culture. It is performed exclusively by men, showcasing dynamic and symbolic movements, and is often presented at various events, especially during wedding ceremonies. In addition to symbolising the spirit of heroism, Bakanjar also serves as a tribute to the traditions and heritage of the Tatana ancestors, inspiring the annual Odou Bakanjar Festival, celebrated by the Dusun Tatana community in the Kuala Penyu district. ...

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TARIAN KIPAS BESAR

The Kipas Besar Dance is a unique traditional dance originating from Kedah, reflecting the elegance of Malay art and culture. This dance is believed to have developed during the era of the Kedah Sultanate as a form of palace entertainment and a symbol of the opulence of local culture. The uniqueness of the Kipas Besar Dance lies in the use of large fans as the main prop, manipulated with graceful and coordinated movements to depict the beauty of nature and the politeness of Malay culture. The dance is often accompanied by traditional music, such as gamelan or other instruments like drums (gendang) and the flute (serunai), adding an elegant ambiance to the performance. Historically, this dance was closely associated with royal ceremonies and formal events but has since been introduced to the public through cultural festivals and tourism programs in Kedah. The movements of the Kipas Besar Dance are inspired by the art of Malay self-defense (pencak silat). It is exclusively performed by women, with its uniqueness highlighted by the use of large fans and long shawls as the main props.<div> </div> ...

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ADAT BERDERAI

A wedding ceremony is one of the festive ceremonies held with the spirit of teamwork and cooperation. Berderai is one of the customs that is often practiced during weddings in Kelantan. Berderai is a method of alleviating the bride's expenses by reciprocating financial assistance given by friends, family or individuals closest to the bride. For example, if RM1000 was given to A during his or her wedding ceremony, then RM1000 will also be returned by A to the giver during the wedding ceremony on the giver's side. This custom that is still practiced by the rural community shows a high spirit of cooperation and a strong consensus among the local community.<div> </div> ...

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ADAT RESAM DAN BUDAYA KAUM KADAZANDUSUN SUKU DUSUN KIMARAGANG: ADAT PERKAHWINAN

The Dusun Kimaragang is one of the largest tribes within the Kadazan Dusun community, residing in the northern part of Sabah, Malaysia. This community predominantly lives in the Kota Marudu, Pitas, Beluran, Paitan, and Sandakan. The Dusun Kimaragang are renowned for their strong agrarian culture, particularly in rice cultivation, which forms the foundation of their economic and social life. In addition to their agricultural prowess, their customs and cultural practices are deeply rooted and reflect the philosophy of communal living. One of the cultural traditions they continue to uphold today is the traditional marriage custom, which follows the processes and structures inherited from their ancestors. ...

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LAKSA JOHOR

Laksa Johor is a traditional dish from the state of Johor, Malaysia, distinctively prepared using spaghetti instead of the rice noodles typically found in other laksa variants. The origin of spaghetti in Laksa Johor is attributed to Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor during the late 19th century. After his visit to Europe, particularly Italy, in 1885, he was captivated by spaghetti dishes and instructed his chefs to incorporate this Western element into a local dish. The result was the creation of Laksa Johor as it is known today, embodying a fusion of cultural influences.<div> </div> ...

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TARIAN PORTUGIS

The Portuguese Dance of Melaka is a traditional art form deeply rooted in the history and cultural heritage of Melaka. It originates from the influence of the Portuguese community that came to Melaka in the 16th century and has since evolved into a part of the local culture. The Portuguese Dance of Melaka blends Portuguese and Malay elements, reflecting the unique cultural fusion in Melaka, known as the Baba Nyonya or Peranakan culture. Origins of the Portuguese Dance of MelakaThis dance originates from the Kristang (Portuguese-Eurasian) community in Melaka. Following the Portuguese colonization of Melaka in 1511, the Portuguese community brought with them artistic traditions, including dance, music, and song. Over time, they assimilated with local cultures, including Malay, Chinese, and Indian influences, resulting in highly unique and diverse art forms, including Portuguese dances.There are several types of dances associated with the Portuguese Dance of Melaka, including the most well-known:Fandango DanceThe Fandango is one of the most renowned dances in Portuguese Melaka tradition. This dynamic dance involves quick footwork and is typically performed during celebrations and weddings.Branyo DanceThe Branyo is a traditional Portuguese dance originating in Melaka. It is part of musical and dance performances at social gatherings and entertainment events. The Branyo features paired male and female dancers, performing with spirited and lively movements.Tundo DanceTundo is a more ritualistic dance often performed during religious ceremonies or Christian celebrations held by the Kristang community in Melaka. It reflects the religious influence in Portuguese Melaka dance culture. ...

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Pulau Pinang

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ADAT RESAM DAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT CINA PERANAKAN DI PULAU PINANG

The Peranakan Chinese, also known as Baba Nyonya, began establishing their ethnic lineage during the era of the Malay Melaka Sultanate. This community emerged when Chinese traders (men) married local Malay women or Javanese girls. Over time, this lineage flourished in the Straits Settlements following the arrival of the British, resulting in a significant population of Peranakan Chinese in Melaka, Penang, and Singapore.The men who initiated these intermarriages were predominantly of Han descent, who migrated to the Straits of Melaka for trade and eventually assimilated into Malay culture through these unions. This cultural blend is reflected in their attire: Peranakan Chinese women, or Nyonya, wear the Kebaya Nyonya, a short kebaya (Malay influence) paired with batik fabrics featuring animal and floral motifs (a mix of Malay and Chinese styles). Meanwhile, the men, or Baba, retained traditional Chinese clothing.The Peranakan Chinese have a unique culinary tradition. Their snacks, referred to as kueh, include delicacies like kuih bakul, kuih rotan, and kuih chang, often stored in siah (tiffin carriers) and closely tied to Chinese traditions. On the other hand, their main dishes, such as asam pedas, laksa, and kari Nyonya, reflect strong Malay culinary influences. In Melaka, the term Peranakan remains widely used, whereas in Penang, they are more commonly known as Baba Nyonya. The terms "Baba" and "Nyonya" originated as familial titles for male and female children of Peranakan parents, respectively, and eventually became identifiers for the community.Although Malay customs are deeply ingrained in Peranakan Chinese culture, most members of this community do not practice Islam. Instead, they celebrate Chinese New Year, the Lantern Festival, and other traditional Chinese festivities. They also enjoy social dances like joget lambak, a reflection of their historical status as a respected group often invited to colonial-era celebrations with the British and Portuguese. This esteemed status earned them the nickname "King's Chinese" during colonial times. The Peranakan Chinese are known for their linguistic versatility, fluently speaking Malay, Chinese, and English. This multilingual ability highlights their adaptability and social standing during colonial times.Peranakan Chinese weddings are vibrant affairs that blend Chinese heritage with Malay customs. Key elements include:Betel Nut Box Ceremony: Symbolizing the bride’s purity.Dowry Presentation: Given to the bride’s parents as a token of gratitude for raising her with virtue.Ring Exchange: A mutual exchange of rings by the bride and groom.Flower Scattering and Incense Rituals: Adding a touch of solemnity and tradition.The wedding is enlivened with Dondang Sayang songs and beautiful Malay pantuns (poetry). Sometimes, a pantun duel and symbolic toll gate set up by the Mak Andam (traditional wedding consultant) occur before the groom is allowed to join his bride on the dais.Guests are invited to participate in traditional dances such as joget lambak, fan dances, handkerchief dances, bowl dances, and orange dances, adding a unique and festive flair to the event. The Peranakan Chinese uphold strict cultural norms, prohibiting any interaction between the bride and groom before marriage. The Chim Pang ceremony serves as their formal meeting before the wedding day. During this ritual, both families light candles at a table, and the bride and groom sit facing each other as if meeting for the first time.One of the most interesting aspects of Peranakan wedding traditions is the 12th and final day of celebrations, where nasi lemak is a mandatory dish. A designated cook, known as the Bibi Nasi Lemak, ensures the dish is perfectly prepared. This day marks the end of public festivities, leading to the Che Umm ceremony—a formal meal shared by the newlyweds and their in-laws to signify the establishment of a new family.The Peranakan Chinese customs and traditions offer a fascinating glimpse into the harmonious blend of Chinese and Malay cultures, creating a unique and enduring heritage.<div> </div> ...

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Kampung Pinggiran Bakau, Jalan Kampung Perigi 9...

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IGAL-IGAL

Igal-Igal is one of Sabah's most popular traditional dances, especially among the Bajau Laut community in the eastern coastal areas, particularly in Semporna. The root word “Igal” means “dance,” and this terminology is often associated with words that refer to the 'act' of dancing, such as: Table 1: Terminology of the Root Word “Igal”<o:p></o:p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; border-color: initial;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="43" valign="top" style="width: 32.3pt; border-width: 1pt; border-color: windowtext; background: rgb(217, 217, 217); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> No.<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="138" valign="top" style="width: 103.5pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left: none; background: rgb(217, 217, 217); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Term<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="359" valign="top" style="width: 269.15pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left: none; background: rgb(217, 217, 217); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Description<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="43" valign="top" style="width: 32.3pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> 1)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";">    <o:p> </o:p> </td> <td width="138" valign="top" style="width: 103.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Angigal / Ngigal<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="359" valign="top" style="width: 269.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Means ‘to dance’ – directed towards one person. <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Example: “Bai na ka angigal?” <o:p></o:p> Translation: “Have you danced?”<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="43" valign="top" style="width: 32.3pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> 2)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";">    <o:p> </o:p> </td> <td width="138" valign="top" style="width: 103.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Magigal<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="359" valign="top" style="width: 269.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Means ‘to dance’ – directed towards more than one person. <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Example: “Bai na kam Magigal?” <o:p></o:p> Translation: “Have you all danced?”<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="43" valign="top" style="width: 32.3pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> 3)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";">    <o:p> </o:p> </td> <td width="138" valign="top" style="width: 103.5pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Igalan<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="359" valign="top" style="width: 269.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> Means ‘dance’ – refers to one or more individuals. <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Example: “Lanuknah igalan nuh” (to an individual). Translation: “Your dance is beautiful.” <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Example: “Lanuknah igalan bih” (to a group). Translation: “Your dances are beautiful.”<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> </tbody><tbody> </tbody><tbody>From this, it can be generally understood that for the Bajau community in Semporna, the term “Igal” means “to dance.” When “Igal-Igal” is mentioned, it translates to “dancing.” This term is believed to have been derived from the English word “eagle,” referencing the graceful movements of the eagle in flight, which are mirrored in the movements of the Igal-Igal dance.</tbody><tbody><tbody>The existence of Igal-Igal among the Bajau community in Semporna has a long and profound history. One version of its origin story links the name "Igal" to the word "eagle," recounting how, long ago, the nomadic Bajau Laut community living on traditional boats (lepa) frequently observed eagles swooping down to catch fish. Children aboard the boats would mimic the graceful movements of the eagles, accompanied by kulintangan and gong music. The joyous atmosphere often attracted families from nearby boats to join in the dance, which has since been passed down through generations.</tbody><tbody>Another version suggests that Igal-Igal was introduced by the Bajau Ubian community from Tabawan Island in the southern Ubian region of Tawi-Tawi. This island is located in the Celebes Sea, close to Sabah’s eastern coastal regions, including Semporna, Kunak, and Lahad Datu. According to local stories, the Ubian people from the Philippines migrated to Sabah before it joined Malaysia in 1963 and settled in Semporna, then known as Tong Talun. Over time, their culture evolved and assimilated, with Igal-Igal becoming a distinct cultural identity. In this context, the dance is also referred to as “Igal Tabawan.”</tbody><tbody>Despite these varying origin stories, Igal-Igal has become an iconic cultural identity for the Bajau community in Semporna, symbolizing a unique and valuable heritage. Today, the dance is not only celebrated within the Bajau community but has also gained widespread popularity throughout Malaysia and internationally. It is more than just a dance; it is a symbol of unity, tradition, and cultural pride that continues to be preserved.</tbody><div> </div></tbody></table> ...

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TARIAN DATUN JULUD

Datun Julud means "long dance" in the Dayak Kenyah language, Hivan Joh in the Kayan dialect, and Arang Kadang in the Kelabit language. Traditionally, Datun Julud is performed by a group of women during ceremonial events of the Orang Ulu community. This special dance, which focuses on expressing joy and gratitude to the Almighty, is said to have been created by Nyik Selong, the king of the Dayak Kenyah tribe in Apo Kayan. Nyik Selong was renowned and feared for his strength and exceptional skills in wielding weapons, making him nearly unbeatable. However, he is said to have faced a personal dilemma as he had no heir. After a long wait for this moment of happiness, one of Nyik Selong’s daughters-in-law became pregnant and gave birth to his long-awaited successor. As a sign of gratitude, the entire longhouse community celebrated with a feast and performed this graceful dance.<div> </div> ...

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LIST OF ARTS AND CULTURE

Entire list of cultural arts includes all categories and states

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