ARTS AND CULTURE INFORMATION GATEWAY
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BUSANA TRADISIONAL SUKU KENYAH, ETNIK ORANG ULU
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Introduction and history
Kenyah is one of the original tribes that reside in the interior areas of the districts of Baram and Belaga in Sarawak. According to history, the Kenyah community originated from the Usun Apau highlands around 1400 A.D. This tribe started to divide into smaller tribes (sub-tribe) around 1400-1600 A.D. that are, among them, the Kenyahs of Badeng, Jambok, Lepo’ Tau, Lepo’ Maut, Uma’ Bakah, Lebu’ Kulit, and Sambop. Every fraction of the tribe too owns different language usage,
Rajah James Brooke’s reign divided further the Kenyah tribe that there are still that maintained to live at the Usun Apau highlands, at the upstream of Batang Baram, Balui, Tinjar areas and interior of Batang Rajang.
The Kenyah tribe is renowned as experts in the art of special handicraft and have unique traditional costume, as well as owns different attire patterns according to the sub-tribe. This traditional costume as designed by them is regarded as their social status.
After the Kenyah went through various obstructions to maintain their tribe in Sarawak, eventually they managed to egress from the political turmoil of divide and rule and now they live peacefully. However, the tribe’s division resulted in them respectively owning different background, traditional costume, economy and language. Nevertheless, they still remain included in the same cluster of the Kenyah tribe.
The Kenyah community are really talented in the arts. On their traditional costume are many attractive patterns and colours. At the tribe’s village there are various paintings of Kenyah motifs on the wall, especially in the village head’s house where splendidly displayed are Kenyah paintings made as traditional decoration. They are also active paddy farmers since decades ago.
Male Costume:
Besundung: War shirt that is normally made from animal hide like bear, mousedeer, tiger and goat. This shirt is to protect one self from enemy’s attack when there is war, also worn during ritual ceremony and performance.
Male Costume:
Bluko: Hat as cover that is normally made from strong rattan resistant to bending, decorated with tiger’s fangs.
Ganjar: Cloth to cover the hip and leg that are also used as cover for seating.
Boka Un: Arm decoration, signifying a boat as the tribe’s residence area need to cross water using boat.
Female Costume:
Sapai: A full set consisting of ta’a sapai and ta’a keluma with different patterns and motifs. There are also a number of choice motifs like kelunan, lenjau and temengang.
Tapung: Head decoration in various types that are tapung ino’sip, tapung puk/beluko, tapung ucuk and tapung da’a.
Ino Bengen: A round bead decoration made into necklace.
Gelam: Bracelet. There are various types like gelam lengen/leku’ and gelam ino’sip.
Belaung: Long earring for men and women.
Beteng: Belt made from beads and colourful pebbles.
Uleng: Chain necklace for men and women, made of beads and colourful pebbles.
Belanayat: Accessories as complement.
Reference Source
Kenyah People. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kenyah
Lepau Kenyah: Pakaian Tradisional Kenyah (1). (n.d.). Lepau Kenyah. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from http://demabetuen.blogspot.com/2017/02/pakaian-tradisional-kenyah-1.html
Project, J. (n.d.). Kenyah, Kelinyau in Malaysia. Joshuaproject.net. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/12622/MY
Tan, A. -. (n.d.). Rustani: Corak Khas Pakaian Adat Suku Dayak Kenyah. Rustani. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://rrustani.blogspot.com/2016/08/corak-khas-pakaian-adat-suku-dayak.html
Location
State JKKN Contact Information
Encik Boniface Anak Babai
Cultural Officer
Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sarawak
Tingkat 5 Bangunan Sultan Iskandar,
Jalan Simpang Tiga,
93000, Kuching,
SARAWAK
019-2399682/082-422006
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Tingkat 5, Bangunan Sultan Iskandar, Jalan Simpang Tiga, 93000 Kuching Sarawak

