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Introduction and history

Kadazan is one of Sabah’s biggest ethnics and mostly reside in Penampang District. The women’s traditional costume is Sinuangga, a sleeveless blouse paired with tapi (sarong). The Simis is a white cotton blouse worn inside Sinuangga

Functions and Roles

This costume as worn by middle aged women and the elderlies (bobohizan) use velvet cloth but having different fashion and cut. An example, short sleeve blouse (Sinompukung) is worn by middle aged women, while the long sleeve blouse by the elderlies especially bobohizan.

Traditional Attire/ Accessories

Sinuangga is made from black velvet material embroidered or pasted on with golden lace called linda, and small betawi buttons called labuan.

Sinuangga is completed with traditional accessories that are important to be protected due to invaluableness. The women wear waist tier called himpogot betungkat that is a belt of a chain string of silver coins worn at the waist and hip. Normally, himpogot comprises of two or three chain strings, one each at the top and below the tangkong accessory. The number of himpogot worn depends on one’s affordability.

The hip belt called tangkong is made of 84 copper ring-like shape each measured around half an inch in diameter carved with gong pattern are inserted into a fine rattan string. A tangkong normally consists of 30 to 40 rings.

Three strings of tangkong are worn together, tied with red rattan string (hindagang) for unmarried women and black (initom) for the married. This string is normally emptied at the back to prevent the wearer from breathing problem. Tangkong can be loosened for various purposes like making it easier to carry a basket on one’s back.

Sinuangga is also decorated with accessories like betawi buttons, entwined with a string on the inside so that the buttons can also be used on other blouse. In yester years, the buttons were pasted till the blouse neckline for certain ceremonies and half of the blouse’s lower part for everyday usage. Nowadays, these buttons are tied from the blouse’s top part till the lower part using cotton thread. Gold coated buttons portray status symbol for the Kadazan ethnic. For example, those who afford to own 30 buttons of this kind are considered rich.

Titimbak is hair pin to decorate and tighten hair bun called Tinimbuku. This pin is made of silver and two are worn together. Nowadays, there are those who replace it with flowers.

Other accessories are Gohong that is copper or silver bracelet. Nowadays, gold rings are often worn. There is also the accessory Amas Paun, a brooch of the golden-coloured dollar coins of the early 20th century, necklace (hamai), earring (simbong) and ring (sinsing).

The Kadazan women also wear two shawls made of a variety of woven cloths and joint at both ends. The shawls are normally crossed-placed on the left and right shoulders that looks like the letter ‘X’. Husob that is a woven cloth made of pineapple thread is only used by bobohizan during mantra recitals.

Velvet or linen materials are used for certain ceremonies and cotton for everyday wear. Black colour was mostly used in yester years as Sabah’s original residents only depended on a number of plant types to make cloth dipping liquid. Nowadays, this costume is normally worn during festivities like Harvest Festival, wedding and the like.

Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

The main stitch on this traditional costume is sinusuk buus that is a chain stitch and tantop, a fur stitch. The fur stitch technique is also used to make binuunsi that is a stripe each of red and yellow woven like a shoe lace.

Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher
  • Hassanal bin Redzuan
  • Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sabah, Kompleks JKKN Sabah, Jalan Tasik Off KM 4 Jalan Penampang, 88200 Kota Kinabalu Sabah.
  • 088 -205 070
  • hassanal@jkkn.gov.my
Get Directions

State JKKN Contact Information

Puan Nurshahrinna Syahrial

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sabah
Kompleks JKKN Sabah, Jalan Tasik off KM4 Jalan Penampang, 88200 Kota Kinabalu SABAH

088-205070

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Use the form below to contact the Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher directly. We will respond to your inquiry as soon as possible!