ARTS AND CULTURE INFORMATION GATEWAY
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BUSANA TRADISIONAL SUKU BISAYA, ETNIK ORANG ULU
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Introduction and history
The Bisayans are natives originally from Sungai Limbang in east Sarawak. According to local beliefs, the word ”Bisaya” originated from the pronounciation ”Bisa Lya” meaning ’a man or woman looks strong, dashing and beautiful’. Some say that it comes from the word ”Ma Bisa” meaning ’the pain associated with black magic or healing that is normally practiced by this tribe during those days’. The pronounciation then changed to Bisaya until today.
There are differences in the Sarawak Bisaya and the Sabah Bisaya costumes. For the Sarawak Bisaya the costume is simpler and not loaded with accessories.
Male Costume:
The male costume is normally simple, just mirroring the community’s image that work as farmers. The Bisaya tribe in Limbang named their male costume as baju mianai, produced from koshibo and satin textiles that are normally black, as well as decorated with yellow or white lace. The head dress is tanjak, more known as siga.
Female Costume:
According to elders’ tales, in yesteryears baju kebamban was only worn during the temarok ritual event by the person who headed the event, called Indu Beliaon Gayo. This attire could only be purchased and owned by the rich (the upper class/aristocrats). Around the 1980s, in line with the increase in the Bisaya community’s level of livelihood, now everybody affords to own it.
This costume is worn during the Babulang festivity, that is a paddy harvest festival, as a thanks giving for good fortune, and at certain functions
Male Costume:
The male costume is normally simple, just mirroring the community’s image that work as farmers. The Bisaya tribe in Limbang named their male costume as baju mianai, produced from koshibo and satin textiles that are normally black, as well as decorated with yellow or white lace. The head dress is tanjak, more known as siga.
The shirt is long sleeved with ’cekak musang’ collar (collar is a bit high partially covering the neck). The chest part is parted with three hooks and pocketless.
This costume is equippd with long trousers that cover the feet. However, there are also short trousers. The long trousers is more of the style of a warrior’s attire.
Female Costume:
The traditional costume is called baju kebamban or baju masuk (belasu itom), consisting of a black blouse with accessories, and worn with songket cloth embroidered with golden threads.
According to elders’ tales, in yesteryears baju kebamban was only worn during the temarok ritual event by the person who headed the event, called Indu Beliaon Gayo. This attire could only be purchased and owned by the rich (the upper class/aristocrats). Around the 1980s, in line with the increase in the Bisaya community’s level of livelihood, now everybody affords to own it.
This costume is worn during the Babulang festivity, that is a paddy harvest festival, as a thanksgiving for good fortune, and at certain functions.
Originally, the design was more moderate with less bead decoration. The sleeves were long and folded up to three-quarters arm length or up to elbow level only. The attire too was produced not according to the body’s shape.
Parallel with time evolution, this baju kebamban has been modernised for ease in wearing it. The long sleeve is shortened and there are plenty of bead decoration covering the attire’s facade.
Reference Source
https://www.scribd.com/doc/171159631/ETNIK-BISA,YA
The Living Borneans Telling Their Tales. Benedict Sanding, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (1980).
http://bisayapengajianmalaysia.blogspot.com/2018/02/kaum-bisaya-di-sarawak.html
Bisaya of Malaysia - People Groups. www.peoplegroups.org/explore/groupdetails.
Location
State JKKN Contact Information
Encik Boniface Anak Babai
Cultural Officer
Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sarawak
Tingkat 5 Bangunan Sultan Iskandar,
Jalan Simpang Tiga,
93000, Kuching,
SARAWAK
019-2399682/082-422006
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Tingkat 5, Bangunan Sultan Iskandar, Jalan Simpang Tiga, 93000 Kuching Sarawak



