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Introduction and history

The traditional game cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga is one of the Malay children’s heritage games rooted in the community’s oral tradition. This game combines rhythmic singing with role-playing, making it unique and different from purely physical games. It is usually played in open spaces such as house yards, village halls, or open fields, especially in the late afternoon or during bright moonlit nights when children gather after helping their families during the day. The number of players is not limited; in fact, the more participants there are, the more lively and exciting the atmosphere becomes.


An interesting aspect of this game is that it features two special songs sung collectively by the children during play. These songs serve to create the atmosphere and mark the start of the gameplay. In addition to singing, the game also requires a few simple props, such as a piece of cloth or a handkerchief to cover the eyes, and a wooden stick to be held by the player acting as the “nenek.” These simple tools highlight the creativity of traditional Malay society in creating entertainment from everyday materials without incurring any cost.

The name “nenek si bongkok tiga,” which is central to the game, refers to the image of a bent, weak, and frightening old woman, while the character of the “cucu” (grandchild) represents the children who are playful and mischievous. From the perspective of oral history, this game was not only created for amusement but also functioned as a form of advice and social control. It is believed that in the past, parents often used the story of the “bent grandmother” as a way to scare children who played outside until late at night or who refused to go to bed. The myth of an old grandmother coming to “take away” naughty children had a psychological effect, shaping discipline among children so that they would obey the time boundaries set by their families.

Although the element of fear was present, the game remained popular among children due to its fun and challenging nature. Children continued to enjoy “becoming the grandchild” and being chased, and they often turned the role of the “bent grandmother” into a source of humour and joy. This demonstrates that traditional Malay games are not only a form of entertainment but also carry symbolic meanings, advice, and implicit educational values passed down from one generation to the next. Indirectly, cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga serves as a reflection of the collective imagination of Malay society, combining folklore, creativity, and cultural practices into a children’s game that remains remembered to this day.

Functions and Roles

The traditional game cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga not only serves as a form of entertainment but also plays an important role in the social, emotional, and physical development of Malay children. Essentially, this game provides a fun recreational activity, fills leisure time, and strengthens friendships among peers. Through rhythmic singing and interactive play, children can create a joyful atmosphere, reduce stress, and learn to socialise within larger groups.


From a social perspective, the game functions as an effective tool for socialisation. Children are taught to cooperate in groups, respect turns, and understand their respective roles within the game. The sense of teamwork that arises from these activities helps build a strong feeling of belonging, which is vital in shaping good relationships among peers and the wider community.


In terms of knowledge and cognitive skills, the game provides children with the opportunity to refine their thinking abilities through guessing and making assumptions. For example, the player acting as the “nenek” must use the sense of touch and recognise voices to identify which “cucu” has been caught. This process indirectly trains skills in forming hypotheses, analytical thinking, and concentration on sensory stimuli, all of which are crucial for mental development.

Furthermore, the values and responsibilities embedded in the game are equally significant. It teaches children to follow rules, keep secrets, and practice honesty. For instance, other players are not allowed to reveal the identity of the child being touched by the “nenek”. This instils lessons in integrity, discipline, and the importance of respecting shared rules. It also nurtures patience and tolerance, which are foundational qualities in community life.

From a practical and psychomotor perspective, the game contributes to the physical development of children. Movements such as running, dodging, and balancing when being chased by the “nenek” enhance motor coordination, speed, balance, flexibility, and to some extent, physical endurance. Although not as intensive as sports, the activity still promotes a healthy and energetic body.

Overall, the functions and roles of cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga extend far beyond mere entertainment. It is a holistic form of informal education that simultaneously supports the development of social, cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills. The game demonstrates that Malay traditional heritage is rich in educational values that can serve as guidance in shaping a generation that is not only cheerful but also disciplined, creative, and resilient.


Traditional Attire/ Accessories

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Equipment/ Ingredients

The traditional game of "cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga" essentially does not require any complicated equipment. Like most folk games passed down through generations, it relies on children’s creativity and the resources available around them.


To carry out this game, only a few basic items are needed. Among them is a piece of cloth or a handkerchief used to cover the eyes of the player taking the role of the “nenek”. The blindfold is important as it challenges the player to rely on other senses, such as touch and hearing, in order to identify which “cucu” has been caught.


Additionally, the game utilises a wooden stick held by the “nenek.” The stick not only symbolises the physical condition of a bent old woman but also adds a dramatic and entertaining element to the game. Meanwhile, the other children only need an open area as the playing ground and knowledge of the lyrics to the song “Nenek Si Bongkok Tiga” to be sung together as part of the game.


Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

The game cari cucu–nenek si bongkok tiga is played in groups and requires at least four players. A larger number of participants makes the game more lively and challenging. It can be played by both boys and girls in open, comfortable spaces free from obstacles.


  1. Selection of the “nenek”

Before the game begins, one player is chosen to play the role of the grandmother “nenek.” This selection can be made through a simple draw, such as the Lai Lai Li Tam Plong game. The player who loses in the draw will have their eyes covered with a handkerchief or piece of cloth to mark them as the “nenek” A stick is then given to them to hold, and they must act like a bent and blind old woman.


  1. Game Formation

The other players form a circle while holding hands. The “nenek” stands in the middle of the circle, eyes covered, and holds a stick in hand. The game begins with all players singing the following song while moving around the “nenek”:

  • Nenek-nenek si bongkok tiga,

  • Siang mengantuk malam berjaga,

  • Mencari cucu di mana ada,

  • Nenekku kahwin dengan anak raja.
  • During the singing, the “nenek” remains silent while moving the stick, bending her body, and acting out the role of an old woman. Once the song ends, all players stop, squat down, and remain silent.
  •  3. The Grandmother’s “Nenek” Turn

  • Next, the “nenek” sings the following verse:
  • Cucu-cucu tak dapat lari,
  • Nenek tua banyak sakti,
  • Sekarang nenek mencari ganti,
  • Siapa yang kena dia yang jadi.

After this, the “nenek” begins to grope around the circle to find a “grandchild.” Any player touched must remain still and is not allowed to run away. The “nenek” will then attempt to guess the player's identity, either through touch or by asking the player to make a sound for recognition.

  1. Rules of the Game

  • The “nenek” must not remove the blindfold throughout the game.

  • A player who is caught cannot run away while the “nenek” is guessing.

  • If the “nenek” correctly identifies the player, that player will become the new “grandmother.”

  • If the guess is wrong, the “nenek” is allowed three attempts before moving on to another player.

  • Other players are not allowed to reveal or give away the identity of the player being touched.

5. Techniques of Play

The game emphasises coordination and concentration. Players form a circle while singing, while the “nenek” acts like an old woman by walking slowly, bending over, and tapping the stick. The fun arises when all players laugh and try to avoid being caught, but must remain silent when it is the “grandmother’s” turn to search for a grandchild.

6. Safety Measures

To ensure safety, the game should be played in an open area free from obstacles such as stones, glass, or sharp objects that could cause injury. The play area should also be clearly marked to prevent players from moving too far. Participants are encouraged to wear proper sports attire and suitable footwear to minimise the risk of accidents.



Figures and Achievements

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Reference Source

Bahan Bacaan

Md Noh, M., & Muhammad, M. (2021). Character portrayal and Malay women characters in Malay classical cinema during studio era: ‘Musang Berjanggut’ (1959), ‘Tun Fatimah’ (1962). ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 26–39.


Shamsuddin, A. (1992). Lagu-lagu permainan tradisional Melayu. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.


Wikipedia. (n.d.). Permainan cari cucu. In Wikipedia bahasa Melayu. Retrieved August 29, 2025, from https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permainan_cari_cucu


Aishahasyikin. (n.d.). Aishah Asyikin blogspot. Retrieved August 29, 2025, from https://aishahasyikin.blogspot.com/


ABC Taman Hatiku. (2012, August). Nenek-nenek si bongkok tiga (senarai permainan). Retrieved August 29, 2025, from https://abctamanhatiku.blogspot.com/2012/08/nenek-nenek-si-bongkok-tiga-senarai.html


Traditional Games CCT. (2013, March). Nenek si bongkok tiga. Retrieved August 29, 2025, from https://traditionalgamescct.blogspot.com/2013/03/nenek-si-bongkok-tiga.html


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