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Introduction and history

Mentarang is a type of bivalve mollusc with two shells, belonging to the class Mollusca Bivalvia. It has a long, smooth, and pale-colored shell. Scientifically known as Pharella javanica, Mentarang inhabits muddy coastal areas, particularly in intertidal zones. In Malaysia, it is commonly found along the northern region of the Peninsula, especially in the state of Perlis, and has long been a popular seafood delicacy among the local communities.

Coastal communities, such as those in Kuala Sanglang, Perlis, have traditionally relied on Mentarang as part of their daily food source, especially during the Mentarang season, which occurs after the rainy period when the sea level recedes and the mudflats are exposed. At this time, residents head to the coast to collect Mentarang using simple tools such as small hoes or even with their bare hands.

One of the most popular ways to prepare Mentarang is by grilling it, known in the local dialect as Mentarang Bakaq (grilled Mentarang). This simple method involves roasting the Mentarang over hot charcoal until the shells open naturally. This technique not only preserves the natural sweetness and briny aroma of the sea but also serves as a communal activity that strengthens social bonds, particularly when done together during the harvesting season.

The popularity of Mentarang Bakaq as a traditional delicacy has extended beyond its local origins and is now increasingly recognized at the national level as part of the coastal community’s gastronomic heritage. However, environmental changes and overharvesting have raised concerns about the need for sustainable resource management to ensure the continued survival of this species and the preservation of the cultural practices associated with it.

Functions and Roles

Mentarang plays a significant role in the traditional cuisine of coastal communities, particularly in the state of Perlis. It serves as an affordable and easily accessible source of animal protein, making it a staple choice in the daily diet of residents. In addition to being rich in protein, Mentarang is also high in iron, calcium, and various essential minerals that are beneficial to health, making it not only a delicious but also a nutritious and satisfying food. 


Interestingly, Mentarang is not available year-round. Instead, it can only be harvested during certain seasons, particularly after the rainy season when the sea recedes and mudflats are exposed. As such, it is considered a special seasonal delicacy. During this period, it is often collected in large quantities and prepared in various ways, with grilling being the most popular method.


In a social context, Mentarang is often served as a main dish during community feasts, communal gatherings, or family events. The activity of grilling Mentarang together is more than just a cooking process; it is a form of social interaction that strengthens familial and neighbourhood ties. The relaxed atmosphere of enjoying fresh seafood together becomes a symbol of community closeness and reflects the spirit of togetherness in village culture.

Traditional Attire/ Accessories

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Equipment/ Ingredients

Mentarang Bakaq (grilled Mentarang) is typically served with a dipping sauce that enhances its flavour. Among the popular choices are spicy tamarind sauce, soy-chili sauce, and shrimp paste chilli sauce. However, the most favoured pairing among locals is tamarind sauce, which perfectly complements the natural sweetness and ocean aroma of the grilled Mentarang. Below is the list of ingredients for preparing Mentarang Bakaq with spicy tamarind dipping sauce:


Main Ingredients:

  • Fresh Mentarang (as needed)

  • Charcoal or firewood (for grilling)


Ingredients for Spicy Tamarind Dipping Sauce:

  • 5–10 bird’s eye chillies (adjust to desired spiciness)

  • 1–2 shallots

  • 1 tomato

  • 1 teaspoon toasted shrimp paste (belacan)

  • 2–3 tablespoons tamarind juice

  • 3–5 limes (for juice)

  • ½ teaspoon salt

  • ½ teaspoon seasoning powder (optional)

  • 1 tablespoon sugar

Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

Preparation Method for grilled Mentarang


  1. Cleaning the Mentarang 

  • Fresh Mentarang must be thoroughly cleaned to remove any mud and sand attached to the shells.

  • Soak the Mentarang in salt water or clean water for 2–3 hours to allow them to expel internal impurities.

  • Rinse well before grilling.


  1. Preparing the Charcoal Fire

  • Set up a charcoal stove or wood fire to preserve the traditional grilling method.

  • Ensure the embers are hot enough before placing the Mentarang on the grill.


  1. Grilling Process

  • Arrange the Mentarang on a metal rack or grilling net placed directly over the embers.

  • Grill for 3–5 minutes or until the shells open naturally.

  • Avoid overcooking to prevent the meat from becoming tough.


  1. Preparing the Spicy Tamarind Dipping Sauce

  • Make the dipping sauce using ingredients such as bird’s eye chillies, sliced shallots, diced tomato, mashed toasted shrimp paste (belacan), lime juice, tamarind juice, salt, and sugar.

  • Mix well and adjust to taste for a balanced blend of spiciness, sourness, and slight sweetness.


  1. Serving

  • Serve the grilled Mentarang while still hot, accompanied by the spicy tamarind sauce in a separate bowl.

  • Best enjoyed straight from the shell to preserve the authentic flavour.

Figures and Achievements

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Reference Source

    Bahan Bacaan


    Cookpad. (n.d.). Resepi mentarang bakar. Cookpad Malaysia. https://cookpad.com/my/recipes/24394504



    Japar Sidik, M. (2021). Pengenalan spesies moluska bivalvia di perairan pesisir Kuala Sanglang, Perlis. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. https://umtlibrary.umt.edu.my 



    Yusoff, M. F., & Zainal, M. Z. (2019). Kepelbagaian biologi moluska dan potensinya sebagai sumber makanan di Malaysia. Jurnal Sains Marin dan Akuakultur, 5(2), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1234/jsma.v5i2.123

    Location

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    State JKKN Contact Information

    Siti Rohayu binti Muhamad

    Cultural Officer

    Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Perlis
    Kompleks JKKN Perlis Persiaran Wawasan Kangar 01000 Kangar PERLIS

    019-504 0015

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