ARTS AND CULTURE INFORMATION GATEWAY
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ADAT RESAM DAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT CINA. SELEPAS KELAHIRAN-KENDURI, MENCUKUR RAMBUT & MEMBERI NAMA
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Introduction and history
In Chinese society, marriage is considered an important starting point in a person's life. It is one of the main aspects in strengthening and maintaining the family institution. This clearly shows that lineage can be passed down from one generation to the next. The word for marriage in Chinese is 婚姻 (pinyin: hūn yīn). Originally, traditional Chinese marriages were often arranged by families interested in combining relationships.
In Confucian thought, marriage is considered a very important matter because it involves the union of two families and has an impact on society. According to Chinese cultural tradition, marriage between two individuals with the same surname is considered incest. From the point of view of Confucian families, marriage connects families with different surnames and ensures the continuity of the paternal clan. Therefore, the benefits and drawbacks of a marriage affect the entire family, not just the couple involved. From a social perspective, husband and wife are seen as the basic unit of Chinese society.
The structure of customs before marriage in Chinese society are:
Surveying Custom
Proposing Custom
Engagement Custom
Engagement customs in the Tionghua community in Malaysia have several important functions related to culture, beliefs, and social relationships:
Strengthens Family Ties: Engagement strengthens the relationship between the two families and ensures cooperation and stronger family bonds.
Blessings and Good Luck: The selection of lucky dates based on the Chinese calendar aims to bring blessings and avoid bad luck in marriage.
Sign of Commitment and Consent: The exchange of rings symbolizes the couple's commitment and agreement to marry, as well as respect for tradition.
Social Status Symbol: Engagement marks a change in the status of a couple to a more formal level and recognized by society.
Uniting Tradition and Culture: This custom ensures the continuity of tradition and safeguards cultural identity in Chinese society.
Future Planning of Marriage: Engagement is also the first step in the planning of a more organized marriage between the two parties.
In Tionghua wedding customs, the bride's clothing and accessories during the engagement play an important role, as they symbolize modesty, tradition, and good fortune. The following are some of the main characteristics of bridal clothing and accessories during an engagement ceremony in Tionghua society:
1. Bridal Dress
Cheongsam or Qipao: Brides usually wear a cheongsam or qipao, a tight and elegant traditional Chinese dress, made of silk or satin. The most common color used is red, as it symbolizes good luck, joy, and wealth.
Embroidery Decorations: The bride's dress is often decorated with traditional embroidery such as patterns of lotus flowers, phoenix birds, or dragons, which represent happiness and longevity.
Hair Accessories: Brides will wear traditional hair accessories, such as gold or silver plated hairpins, with floral or phoenix patterns, which symbolize strength and beauty.
2. Groom's Wear
Changshan: Grooms usually wear changshan, traditional men's clothing worn during formal ceremonies. These clothes are usually made of silk or soft textured fabric.
Dress Color: Like the bride, the groom also usually wears red or other bright colors, which symbolize good luck. Sometimes, gold or yellow colors are also chosen to symbolize prosperity and high status.
Belt or Sash: The groom may wear a belt or sash decorated with traditional motifs, which symbolize the responsibility and role of head of the family.
3. Additional Accessories
Engagement Rings: During the engagement ceremony, couples exchange rings as a sign of commitment. This ring is usually worn on the ring finger of the left hand until the wedding day.
Gold Necklace or Bracelet: The bride may also be given a gold accessory such as a necklace or bracelet by the man's family as a symbol of future wealth and stability.
Red Silk Cloth: Red silk cloth is often used as part of decorations or held during ceremonies, symbolizing prosperity and protection from bad luck.
4. Color Symbolism Red: Red is the most dominant color in engagement dresses and accessories because it symbolizes joy, good luck, and protection from evil spirits.
Gold: The color gold symbolizes wealth, prosperity, and high social status, and is often paired with red in fashion and accessories.
Gifts and dowries are usually given during the wedding ring exchange ceremony or on other days such as the wedding ceremony. Among the gifts handed over were a gold ring, a set of clothes, cloth, and cash. If the groom does not provide enough dowry for the bride, a large amount of cash will be given instead. In Chinese society, the larger the dowry given, the higher the dignity and position of the man.
Reference Source
Bahan Bacaan:
Alisya Mazni Binti Putri Wirdany Elvyna Mazlan Binti Idi Sopan, Nurnisa Dalili Binti Chung Ee Xuang Ridwan Taufik, Nur Ain Binti A. Rahman, Nurain Najiha Binti Zainurin, Tan An Qi Muhamad Yusof Bin Alam, Nasuha Binti Zainudin Muhammad Adam Rosyeed Bin Mohd Fadzli. (20232). Adat Perkahwinan Masyarakat. Majalah Adat Perkahwinan Masyarakat Cina. Cina.https://online.anyflip.com/qmrsk/eqdf/mobile/
Nurmaizatulakma Matdam. (2014). Adat Perkahwinan Dalam Masyarakat Cina Kajian Kes Di Kelantan. Jabatan Pengajian Asia Timur, Fakulti Sastera dan Sains Sosial, Universiti Malaya, 2013/2014.
Zuraiha Binti Mohd Zain Noraini Binti Sulaiman Siti Aishah Binti Othman.Adat Resam Masyarakat Malaysia - Upk Ptsb. Politeknik Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah
Tokoh (jika ada temu bual tokoh) - Tiada -
Location
State JKKN Contact Information
Ahmad Zaimy bin Mohd Yusoff
Cultural Officer
Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Selangor
Tingkat 6, Menara Korporat,
Kompleks IDCC Shah Alam
Jalan Pahat L 15/L, Seksyen 15
40200 Shah Alam,
SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN
03-5543 1654 /1763
