In traditional Keroncong performances, there is no fixed or standardized costume. However, as a traditional musical art form that reflects Malay cultural identity, particularly in Selangor, attire remains an important aspect, emphasizing Malay aesthetics adapted according to the performance theme, event type, and cultural context. Local Malaysian influences have shaped the musicians’ clothing to reflect traditional Malay styles—modest, elegant, and respectful of the region’s cultural values.

Male musicians and vocalists typically wear Baju Melayu Teluk Belanga, paired with either a songket samping or kain pelikat. This traditional outfit conveys a sense of modesty, orderliness, and formality, aligning with the gentle and soulful nature of Keroncong music. A black songkok is often worn as a symbol of cultural pride and respect, completing the traditional look. Color choices are usually coordinated with the theme of the performance—soft hues for formal ceremonies and brighter tones for cultural festivals.

Keroncong music is renowned for its gentle, flowing, and soothing sound, a signature quality produced through a unique combination of plucked and bowed string instruments. These instruments form a well-structured and harmonious ensemble, with each instrument playing a distinct yet complementary role in building the layers of rhythm and melody. Among the key instruments used in a typical Keroncong performance are:

Acoustic Guitar

The acoustic guitar plays a primary role in providing both rhythm and harmony. It strums basic chords and fills the sonic space between the other string instruments. The strumming technique used in Keroncong typically follows a relaxed and consistent traditional rhythm, evoking a serene and romantic atmosphere.

Cello

The cello is a bowed string instrument that delivers low-register melodic lines and supporting harmonies. Its deep, rich tone adds emotional depth and dramatic weight to the music, helping to balance the ensemble between low and high frequencies.

Double Bass

The double bass supplies the foundation of the ensemble, producing stable basslines that support the entire musical structure. Played primarily using 

Keroncong music is typically performed by a small ensemble, usually consisting of eight to ten musicians, including vocalists. Each member plays a specific role, and the coordination among the performers is essential to ensure that the flow of Keroncong music remains harmonious and emotionally resonant. Most performances feature both a male and a female vocalist, either singing individually or in a duet. This vocal pairing creates contrast and balance, contributing to a romantic and soulful ambiance that reflects the essence of Keroncong songs.

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