IGAL LELLANG

Picture

3

Video

No record

Today's Visitor

16

Number of Visitors

426

Introduction and history

Igal Lellang is a traditional dance of the Bajau Laut ethnic community in Semporna, Sabah, performed exclusively by men. The name Lellang originates from the combination of two root words: Lella, meaning "man," and Leyang, meaning "to fly." Together, the term translates literally to "Flying Man."

Symbolically, the term "Flying Man" represents movements that resemble a bird in flight. This interpretation is closely tied to the origin of the word Igal, which is believed to derive from the English word "Eagle." This connection between the dance’s name and its movements highlights that Igal Lellang draws inspiration from the eagle, reflecting themes of freedom, majesty, and dominance in the sky.

The Igal Lellang dance traces its origins to the Magombok ritual, a traditional healing practice of the Bajau Laut community. The Magombok ritual was conducted as an offering to summon ancestral spirits, believed to possess the power to heal spiritual ailments. Within this ritualistic context, the dance was performed exclusively by male dancers, with its distinctive movements later codified as Igal Lellang.


Functions and Roles

Traditionally, the function of Igal Lellang in the Magombok ritual was as a medium of communication between humans and the spirit world. It was believed to serve as a channel for invoking the spirits of male ancestors, who were regarded as protective and healing entities in a spiritual context. The dance was thought to strengthen the healing energy transmitted by ancestral spirits to the individual undergoing treatment and to repel negative elements from the patient’s body.


However, with modern developments, the dance is no longer confined to ritual ceremonies. Its role and purpose have expanded significantly to include cultural performances, official events, and as a medium to promote the cultural heritage of the Bajau Laut community. Today, Igal Lellang is frequently performed at cultural festivals, dance competitions, and traditional art exhibitions, establishing itself as a cultural identity symbol recognized both locally and internationally.


Additionally, Igal Lellang is used as an educational tool to introduce the traditional values, artistic aesthetics, and beliefs of the Bajau Laut community to younger generations and outsiders. This expanded role not only ensures the preservation of the dance but also reinforces its importance within the context of contemporary culture.


Traditional Attire/ Accessories


Equipment/ Ingredients


Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

The Igal Lellang dance is typically performed individually and is characterized by its flexibility, as it is executed improvisationally without being bound to specific movement patterns or floor formations. The dancer’s movements are entirely guided by the rhythm of “Titik Lellang” played by the musicians. This flexibility allows the dancer to adapt their movements based on the atmosphere and mood of the performance.

Despite its improvisational nature, Igal Lellang focuses on three main elements of body movement: hand, shoulder, and foot movements, which work together to create the unique aesthetics and form of the performance. Below is an explanation of the basic movements of Igal Lellang:


Table 1: Basic Movements of Igal Lellang

Movement

Name & Description

Hands   

Hand movements are the most important element in Igal Lellang, defining the identity of the performance. There are three (3) basic hand movements:

 

1)                    Angaleburan Tangan

One hand bends slightly toward the body while the other is extended high to the side. The wrist performs circular rotations (inward or outward). The palm is held upright without flexing backward as in Igal-Igal.

 

2)                    Holiga’un Tangan

This refers to opposing hand movements, as if pushing against resistance with the palms while simultaneously moving the fingers.

 

3)                    Angalellang Tangan

Both hands are extended outward, slowly waving from a low to a high position at the sides, with fingers held straight and accentuated upon reaching the high position. This movement is often combined with foot movements at the start of the performance.

Shoulders

Shoulder movements, known as “Angidjut Baha,” play an important role in enhancing the visual beauty of the dance. The shoulders move alternately up and down, in rhythm with the music. Unlike in Igal-Igal, these movements are less dominant, with a moderate frequency that maintains subtlety while still adding visual interest.

 Feet

Pergerakan kaki l mengandungi dua (2) motif iaitu;

 

1)                     Pagginsil Tapek/Naek

This involves sliding the foot using the heel while lifting the front part of the foot slightly for smooth transitions or gliding from one place to another.

 

2)           Angengkek-Ngengkek

A fundamental movement where one leg is bent to support the body, while the other lightly touches the floor with the toes or the ball of the foot near the supporting leg. This versatile movement allows the dancer to move forward, backward, or sideways.

Figures and Achievements


Mr. Azlan bin Marasal, Kampung Bugaya, Jalan SMK Bugaya, 91308 Semporna, Sabah.

Mr. Datu Sabri bin Datu Alawiddin, Kampung Pinggiran Bakau, Jalan Kampung Perigi 91308 Semporna, Sabah.

Mr. Mohd Noh bin Abdul Karim, Kampung Bohey Lima, 91308 Semporna, Sabah.

Mrs. Marliza binti Marasal, Kampung Bugaya, Jalan SMK Bugaya, 91308 Semporna, Sabah.

Ms. Salasiah binti Abd Rani, Kampung Tampi-Tampi, 91308 Semporna, Sabah

Reference Source

Amsalie, Y., Pisali, A., Zainal, S., Jusilin, H., & Lauk, M. (2017). Persembahan tarian panangsang dalam ritual penyembuhan masyarakat bajau laut. Jurnal Gendang Alam (GA), 7.


Hafzan Zannie, Hamza (2013) Igal:The traditional performing arts of the bajau laut in Semporna, Sabah / Hafzan Zannie Hamza. Master thesis, University of Malaya.


Santamaria, M. C. M. (2016). Necessary (re) unions: Revisiting and revising studies on the Sama igal dance and kulintangan ensemble music traditions. In Sounding the Dance, Moving the Music (pp. 67-79). Routledge.


Santamaria, M. C. M. (2018). Music, Dance and the Sama-Bajau ‘Diaspora’: Understanding Aspects of Links among Communities through Ethnochoreomusicological Perspectives. Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration, 2(2), 86-90.


Santamaria, M. C. M. (2023). Three Categories of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Three Degrees of Importance: The Case of the Sama-Bajau Igal Dance Tradition of Tawi-Tawi Province, Philippines. In Performing Arts Conference: Heritage and Modernity in the Performing Arts (p. 1).


Zainal, S., Rahman, M. K. A., Lazarus, E. M. C. L., Salleh, M. S., Amsalie, Y., Pisali, A., ... & bin Musa, M. N. H. (2021). Kelamat-Keombo’an: Permainan Watak Melalui Penyatuan Elemen Kelima Dalam Persembahan Teater Ritual Igal Etnik Bajau Pantai Timur Sabah: Kelamat-Keombo’an: Role Play Through The Fifth Elemets Unification In Igal Theatre-Ritual Performance Of Sabah East Coast Bajau. Jurnal Gendang Alam (GA), 11(2), 63-84.


Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher

State JKKN Contact Information

Puan Nurshahrinna Syahrial

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sabah
Kompleks JKKN Sabah, Jalan Tasik off KM4 Jalan Penampang, 88200 Kota Kinabalu SABAH

088-205070

Back To Top