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Introduction and history

The Zapin Kores Dance represents a distinctive facet of Malay zapin heritage originating from Kampung Kores, Batu Pahat, Johor. The term "Kores" is derived from a local expression that symbolises the curving bends of a river, resembling the curves of a kris blade. This artistic tradition exemplifies the continuity of local heritage reinterpreted through indigenous aesthetic values.


The dance was first introduced by Haji Husin Ahmad, who acquired his knowledge from Dollah Pak Besar, a villager from Kampung Kores. Dollah Pak Besar, a trader specialising in betel nuts, frequently travelled to Sumatra, Indonesia, for commerce. During these visits, he studied zapin and subsequently returned to Kampung Kores, adapting the art form to reflect local cultural nuances and preferences.


Functions and Roles

The Zapin Kores Dance serves as a crucial medium for traditional entertainment and cultural expression within the Kampung Kores community. It is customarily performed during celebratory events such as weddings, community gatherings, and major festive occasions. Beyond its entertainment value, the dance functions as an educational tool, fostering cultural awareness among younger generations by introducing them to the rich traditions and values embedded in zapin artistry.


Traditional Attire/ Accessories

Dancers of the Zapin Kores tradition don attire that reflects the elegance of Malay cultural identity. Male performers wear Baju Melayu Teluk Belanga paired with samping, while female performers adorn themselves with Baju Kurung complemented by kain dagang. These costumes are typically vibrant or brightly coloured, symbolising the lively nature of the performance. Male dancers complete their ensemble with black songkok, while female dancers incorporate kain dagang as an accentuating accessory.


Equipment/ Ingredients

Musical Instruments: Gambus (lute), marwas (small double-sided drum), rebana (frame drum), and violin

Costumes: Baju Melayu with samping, Baju Kurung, songkok, and kain dagang


Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

The Zapin Kores Dance is characterised by a series of distinctive movements that highlight its cultural and artistic uniqueness. Key movements include:


Langkah Satu: A foundational movement forming the basic structure of the choreography.

Langkah Tak Jadi: A deliberate step retraction that creates the illusion of a "cancelled" movement.

Langkah Pusing Melayang: A variation of Langkah Satu incorporating a graceful body turn mid-step.

Langkah Siku Keluang: A stylised variation of Langkah Tak Jadi, with both arms bent at the elbows in a striking pose.

A unique feature of this dance lies in the left foot’s motion, which hooks onto the right calf on the fourth count. In the closing sequence (wainab), dancers often assume a squatting posture, with one leg folded to the side, underscoring the intricate balance and precision of the choreography.


The dance is traditionally accompanied by iconic zapin melodies, including:

Lancang Kuning

Gunung Banang

Hari Ribut


Figures and Achievements

Haji Husin Ahmad, the founder of the Zapin Kores tradition, is recognised for his significant contributions to preserving this cultural heritage in Kampung Kores. His expertise, inherited from Dollah Pak Besar—a key figure in introducing zapin to the community—has ensured the survival of this art form across generations.


A contemporary practitioner, Tn. Haji Bidin bin Mahat, has continued the legacy of Zapin Kores with slight variations in choreographic interpretation, reflecting the evolving nature of traditional performance within its cultural context.


Reference Source

Bahan Bacaan

Mustaffa, N., & Idris, M. Z. (2017). Accessing Accuracy of Structural Performance on Basic Steps in Recording Malay Zapin Dance Movement Using Motion Capture Accessing Accuracy of Structural Performance on Basic Steps in Recording Malay Zapin Dance Movement Using Motion Capture. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 8, 165-73.

Nor, M. A. M. (2020). Eclecticism and syncretic traditions: the making of Malay folk dance. In Sharing Identities (pp. 37-55). Routledge India.

Bari, M. H. A., bin Samsuddin, M. E., & Kahn, S. M. (2021). PELESTARIAN DAN PEMARTABATAN ZAPIN JOHOR SEBAGAI WARISAN TERBILANG. JURNAL MELAYU SEDUNIA, 4(1), 75-113.

Nusantara Performing Arts Research Center. (2022, 28 Mei). Siri Pengabsahan Zapin Johor - Zapin Koris I & Zapin Koris II [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/EsDVZUZAKE0?si=Fbg87V_jt7_rmAZn


Tokoh: Haji Husin Ahmad (Temubual) & Bidin bin Mahat 


Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher
  • Haji Husin Ahmad
  • Kampung Kores, Batu Pahat, Johor
  • -
  • -
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State JKKN Contact Information

Puan Norazlina binti Othman

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Johor
Aras 6 Kiri, Wisma PERKESO No 26, Jalan Susur 5 Off Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Larkin 80200 Johor Bahru JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM

07-224 8270 / 223 1249

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