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DENDANG SITI FATIMAH
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Introduction and history
Dendang Siti Fatimah is a traditional poetry rich with Islamic and humanitarian values. This lyrical art is especially popular in Perak, particularly during the Berendoi (cradle ceremony) or cukur jambul (newborn blessing ceremony).
Dendang Siti Fatimah plays a significant role in Malay traditions, particularly in accompanying various meaningful cultural ceremonies. One of its primary functions is as a musical accompaniment during the Cukur Jambul (newborn blessing ceremony), where the poem enhances the spiritual and thankful atmosphere as families celebrate the birth of a baby. With lyrics filled with love and prayers, the poem symbolizes hope and blessings for the newborn's well-being.
Additionally, Dendang Siti Fatimah is often associated with the naik buai (cradle ceremony), a tradition that marks the baby’s transition to using a cradle, symbolizing the early journey of life. During this ceremony, the poetry conveys messages of advice, well-being, and parental love for their children. Its melodic recitation creates a serene atmosphere, reminding family members of the profound responsibility of nurturing and educating children.
The poem is also occasionally sung during the malam berinai (henna night) ceremony to express gratitude and honour for a child about to leave their family upon marriage. In this setting, Dendang Siti Fatimah becomes a heartfelt symbol of love, bridging tradition and emotion between parents and their child.
This performance does not involve any specific costumes or attire. However, during formal events, the reciters of Dendang Siti Fatimah typically wear uniform attire, such as Baju Kurung or long robes (jubah), in matching tones. This choice of clothing reflects a sense of harmony and respect, complementing the solemn and meaningful nature of the ceremony.
Dendang Siti Fatimah does not involve the use of musical instruments. Instead, the poem is performed collectively, led by a chief reciter (ketua penyair). The chief reciter’s delivery style determines the rhythm and duration of the performance. Additionally, the recitation of Selawat (blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad, PBUH) is often included and chanted in unison.
Below are the lyrics of the Dendang Siti Fatimah poetry:
Opening Verse:
Zaman-zaman ya Rasulullah,
Zaman Nabi tanah Mekah,
Wafat Nabi di Madinah,
Meninggalkan anak Siti Fatimah.
Poetry
Alib
Bismillah itu mula pertama
Keadaan zat bersama-sama
Dizahirkan sifat tentukan asma
Qidam dan baqa sedialah lama.
Asal daripada Nabi Allah
Asal nawahi Nur Khatam
Dipecah empat akhir qidam
Dipecahnya itu sekalian alam
Rahim bapamu turun ibumu
Empat puluh hari Nadqah namamu
Lapan puluh hari Nadqah namamu
Seratus dua puluh hari Madqah namamu.
Dikandung ibumu sembilan bulan
Lebih dan kurang tiada ditentukan
Beberapa azab kesakitan
Dipantang pula minum dan makan.
Apabila ibumu perutnya sarat
Hendak berjalan tiadalah larat
Hatinya itu terlalu gelorat
Bapamu pantang terlalu berat.
Bapamu itu kerasnya pantang
Siang dan malam pagi dan petang
Tiada berani membunuh binatang
Takut akhirnya cederanya datang.
Hassan Hussin anak cucu Rasulullah
Mati Hassan tinggal Hussin
Mati perang Sabilillah.
Apabila sudah cukupnya hari
Sakitlah ibumu tiada terperi
Bapamu pun turun berlari-lari
Memanggil bidan bawa ke mari.
Bidan pun datang tiadalah lambat
Serta membawa kelengkapan ubat
Dilihatnya penuh saudara sahabat
Bidan pun naik bertempuh rapat.
Sakit ibumu tiada terkira
Berhimpunlah sanak saudara
Sangatlah ramai tiada terkira
Sekeliannya itu duduk berjaga.
Perutnya sakit bagai nak pecah
Bukannya kurang makin bertambah
Dipanggil bapamu disuruhnya langkah
Dipintanya ampun barang yang salah.
Dendang Siti Fatimah is typically performed by a group of women acting as reciters (penyair). The performance is led by a chief reciter (ketua penyair), who initiates the chant, followed by responses from the other reciters. The women sit in a row or form a circle, positioned either facing or beside the baby’s cradle.
The chief reciter often sits near the cradle to ensure the soothing chants are directed toward the baby, creating a calming and loving atmosphere. The harmonious voices of the group add a profound spiritual dimension, reflecting a sense of unity as the women come together to celebrate the occasion with heartfelt devotion and care.
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Reference Source
Bahan Bacaan
Hanafiah, A. R. A. (2002). Communication In Malay Tradition. Dalam academia. edu. Diakses pada, 15 Disember 2024
Siswanto, E. (2012). Kajian Semiotika Budaya terhadap Syair Dendang Siti Fatimah pada Upacara Mengayun Anak Masyarakat Melayu Tanjung Pura (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Sumatera Utara).
Location
State JKKN Contact Information
Encik Yufazli Yusof
Cultural Officer
Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara Perak
Kompleks JKKN Perak,
Lot 20561@20565 Jalan Caldwell,
Off Jalan Raja Di Hilir,
30350 Ipoh,
PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN
05-253 7001 / 05-254 1027
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