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Introduction and history

Si Tubau is a traditional dance of the Iranun ethnic community in Sabah, who predominantly reside in the districts of Kota Belud, Kota Marudu, and Tuaran. The dance's name originates from the term "Tubau," which refers to woven cloth—a textile art that holds significant cultural value and serves as a source of pride for the Iranun people. This woven cloth is fashioned into various garments, including shirts, skirts, towels, sashes, and trousers. The term "Si Tubau" specifically alludes to Si Tukang Tenun, or the master weaver, an individual highly skilled in the art of weaving this traditional fabric. Consequently, the dance's movements are designed to emulate the motions of weaving cloth.

Functions and Roles

Traditionally, this dance serves as a performance to accompany the ceremonial exchange of rhymes during the arrival of the groom's entourage at the bride's home. The exchange typically begins with the bride's family presenting the Si Tubau scarf to the groom's side as a symbolic initiation of the rhyming ceremony. This session continues until one party can no longer reciprocate with a rhyme, signifying the conclusion of the ceremony and the end of the Si Tubau dance performance.

Traditional Attire/ Accessories

The dancers wear the traditional attire of the Iranun ethnic group, known as Malaboro, made from a woven fabric called Mugah. This outfit consists of a blouse called Sinipak, which features slits on the sleeves up to the elbows. The blouse is paired with a long skirt for women and long trousers for men.


The accessories include a neck ornament called Mandapun, made of copper or aluminium sheets painted gold and sewn onto black velvet fabric. Around the waist, men wear a belt known as Sabitan Bobutulan, while women wear a belt called Sabitan. For headpieces, women wear a Sinisip or Sarimpak, crafted from thin aluminium sheets painted gold. In contrast, male dancers wear a Sigar, a traditional headgear made from dastar fabric.


Equipment/ Ingredients

This performance is accompanied by the special song “Si Tubau”, whose lyrics portray the Iranun ethnic community as a loving and harmonious society. The song's essence underscores the importance of unity among the Iranun people, emphasizing their collective commitment to sustaining peace and harmony. While, the accompanying musical instruments include the Kulintangan, Bebandir (a small gong), and gongs.

Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

Originally, this dance was performed exclusively by women, typically involving four to eight dancers. However, it is now performed in pairs, with two to four male-female pairs. The performance showcases movements that depict the weaving process, beginning with arranging the threads, inserting them into the loom, and creating patterns on the fabric. Each dance movement carries a symbolic meaning, emphasizing precision, beauty, and patience in the art of weaving.

Figures and Achievements

Hajah Pandian Hj. Sulaiman. Sabah Iranun Creative Dance Association, 89150 Kota Belud, Sabah. 01 November 2024.


Asnari Taim. Citra Seni Budaya Association, 89150 Kota Belud, Sabah. 01 November 2024.


Reference Source

Lokman Abdul Samad & Asmiaty Amat. (2012). Iranun. Dalam Kntayya Mariappan & Paul Porodong (Eds). Siri Etnik Sabah ITBM-UMS: Murut & Pelbagai Etnik Kecil di Sabah. Institut Terjemahan dan Buku Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur.


Saidatul Nornis. (2018). Ngalai: Ritual Penyembuhan dalam Kalangan Orang Bajau di Kota Belud, Sabah. Akademika 88(3), 101-112. doi: 10.17576/akad-2018-8803-09.


Taim, M. A., & Amat, A. (2022). Sumaranun dance: Movement changes from medical ritual to dance movement. Imaji Jurnal Seni Dan Pendidikan Seni, 20(1), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.21831/imaji.v20i1.45189


Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher
  • Mr. Asnari bin Taim
  • Citra Seni Budaya Association, 89150 Kota Belud, Sabah
  • +6011-31472887
  • -
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State JKKN Contact Information

Encik Hassanal Redzuan

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Sabah
Kompleks JKKN Sabah, Jalan Tasik off KM4 Jalan Penampang, 88200 Kota Kinabalu SABAH

088-205070

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