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Introduction and history

The kompang is one of the most basic and popular traditional Malay percussion instruments. It is typically played or struck in groups. This musical instrument is believed to be an assimilation of culture brought into the Malay world by the Arabs and Persians in the 15th century during the Melaka Sultanate. The kompang or percussion is played to accompany the gambus. Uniquely, this instrument reflects the culture of the Muslim community, as it is widely known from the Middle East to the entire Malay archipelago.


Originally, Arab and Persian traders who waited for the monsoon winds settled in Melaka and played musical instruments such as the rebana and other percussion instruments to pass the time and engage in religious songs, praising the greatness of God. Later, as the Malay community assimilated with the Arab and Persian cultures, the kompang (which resembles the rebana) was created. Local craftsmen, skilled in making kompang, used animal hides to ensure that the surface was hard when struck. The drumhead (the front of the kompang) is made from goat skin, which is attached to the body of the drum (the frame) with a rattan cord, securing the skin and the wooden frame, and nails are used to ensure tightness. This method also ensures that the sound of the kompang is louder when the surface is tight. Unlike today, the sound of most kompang is no longer as strong because plastic has replaced animal skin. Additionally, the sound is different, as plastic and animal skins naturally produce different tones.


Functions and Roles

-The beats of the kompang and other percussion instruments carry their own mysticism. When accompanying activities such as berzanji or nazam, the kompang produces a solemn and melodious tone, reminding people of the greatness of God.


-In other situations, the kompang sounds like the drums of war or the repeated sounds of animals, invoking the spirit or courage of warriors.


-In more relaxed ceremonies or celebrations, the kompang serves various functions such as accompanying the bride and groom to the wedding stage, being part of an orchestra or gamelan performance, and even enlivening the berzanji ceremony to welcome a birth.


-Thus, the kompang has many roles: it can create a solemn atmosphere to remember God, awaken and stir the spirit of heroism, and is beautifully played to enhance festive celebrations.


-The method of beating produces different sounds and atmospheres in the playing of the kompang.


Traditional Attire/ Accessories

 -  "Berbaju Melayu" refers to wearing the traditional Malay

Equipment/ Ingredients

-Choose the appropriate wood


-The wood is drilled to form a frame


-The goat skin is depilated


-The goat skin is dried


-The dried skin is nailed onto the wooden frame


-Rattan is placed between the skin surface and the frame to tighten the skin


-Excess skin is trimmed


-The kompang is ready and can be used


Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

-The way to play the kompang is by holding it with one hand at the back, while the other hand strikes the surface, either sitting or standing. The kompang produces two sounds: 'pak', which is made by hitting the center with an open palm, and 'bung', which is made by hitting the edge with a closed fist.


Figures and Achievements

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Reference Source

Bahan Bacaan: htps://www.scribd.com/doc/240048757/fungsi 

kompang#:~:text=Persembahan%20kompang%20mempunyai%20pelbagai%20fungsi,semangat% 20pasukan%20sukan%2C%20dan%20pertandingan.  

htps://www.scribd.com/document/76635718/Cara-cara-bermain-kompang htps://www.scribd.com/doc/111178068/Cara-Membuat-Kompang  


Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher
  • Encik Mustaffa Ishak
  • Q-G-04 Pangsapuri Permata, Bandar Baru Perda SPT, 14000, Bukit Mertajam, Seberang Perai Tengah, Pulau Pinang
  • +6019-257 9579
  • -
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State JKKN Contact Information

Zurairi bin Hanip

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Pulau Pinang
Kompleks Pustaka Warisan Seni, Lot No. 2180 Lintang P. Ramlee, Off Jalan P.Ramlee 10460 PULAU PINANG

04-281 7791 /7792

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