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Introduction and history

Dikir Rebana is a traditional music from Negeri Sembilan that is very famous, especially in the Rembau district. Dikir Rebana performances involve group singing accompanied by a drum instrument called rebana, which is played with a layered rhythm. The origin of this dikir lyrics is from the Arabic language, which contains praise to the Prophet and Messenger. Now, the lyrics has been translated into Malay languange. Dikir Rebana is usually played in traditional ceremonies and weddings to welcome the bride and groom. The origins of Dikir Rebana as Negeri Sembilan's traditional music began in Rembau and is often used in wedding receptions. There are three types of rhythm in Dikir Rebana performance, namely Arak Siang, Arak Malam, and Dikir Rampai (also called Dikir Duduk). Arak Siang and Arak Malam are almost similar; they only differ in lyrics.


Functions and Roles

The role of Dikir Rebana music in Negeri Sembilan:

Cultivating Religion: Contains dhikr and praises to increase religious awareness.


Brighten Up the Ceremony: Being entertainment in wedding ceremonies and traditional customs.


Preserving Cultural Heritage: Preserving traditional culture for future generations.


Strengthening Social Bonds: Encourage collaboration and strengthen community relationships.


Educational Tool: Conveying moral, religious, and customs values through meaningful lyrics.

Traditional Attire/ Accessories

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Equipment/ Ingredients

Dikir Rebana is also known as "Dikir Arak" or "Arak Rebana". The word "Dikir" is likely derived from the Arabic word "zikir," which means to remember or praise Allah SWT. This aligns with the art in Dikir Rebana, which uses many Arabic words and is taken from the Kitab Berzanji, which praises the greatness of Allah. The word "Rebana" refers to the drum instrument. Therefore, the musical instrument used in Dikir Rebana in Negeri Sembilan functions as a cultural heritage that continues to be preserved. Even so, continuous efforts need to be made to promote the art of Dikir Rebana so that it can continue to live and be practiced.


Method / Preparation Method / Presentation Method

Before the performance begins, each player will rub their rebana with wax or Ant Plant Rattan to refine the sound of the rebana. The bride will be escorted and ready in the yard to welcome the groom.

After that, the leader of the rebana team leads the recitation of salawat three times, followed by the team members. Then, the performance of rhythmic singing and beating of rebana begins, which will continue until the end of the event. The duration of the performance depends on the groom's arrival distance.

Usually, the Dikir Rebana band will perform five to six songs. Among the songs include Lagu Arak Siang, Lagu Arak Malam, Ya Rasulullah, Lagu Sultan, Salatun Dawam, and Salatur Rabbi. The rebana used in performances in Negeri Sembilan and Melaka have a similar shape and size. The balur or frame of this rebana is made of hardwood like cempedak or merbau, while the skin is obtained from buffalo or cow skin that is tied to the balur with neatly woven rattan.


Figures and Achievements

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Reference Source

Bahan Bacaan

Aminudin Mansor. (2023). Pelestarian Dikir Rebana Pahang Sebagai      Tradisi Bangsa.  Dewan Budaya. Https://Dewanbudaya.Jendeladbp.My/2023/11/01/7675/


Muhammad Razi Mt Ali (2019) Kesenian Warisan Negeri Pahang : Dikir Rebana. Final Year Project thesis, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK). (Submitted)


Yaakob Idrus. (1980). Dikir Rebana di Rembau. Journal Warisan 7. Persatuan Sejaran Malaysia Cawangan Negeri Sembilan. https://www.malaycivilization.com.my/omeka/files/original/d7471e0e516487b27146be99c975897e.pdf


Location

Informant/Figure/Editor/Researcher
Get Directions

State JKKN Contact Information

Rosdianah binti Roman

Cultural Officer

Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara, Negeri Sembilan
Kompleks JKKN Negeri Sembilan Jalan Sungai Ujong 70200 Seremban NEGERI SEMBILAN DARUL KHUSUS

06-767 6793/763 6308 / 761 0593

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