In the past, gendang players were closely associated with silat traditions, and their attire also reflected the cultural elements of silat. The mandatory dress code required modest coverage, with an additional recommendation to cover the head. Thus, it was customary for Gendang Silat players in Perak to wear the traditional Baju Melayu in both “Berdagang Dalam” and “Berdagang Luar” styles. The head was typically covered with a Songkok. However, with the influence of modernization, the attire evolved to include the complete traditional Malay attire (Baju Melayu), such as the Cekak Musang or Teluk Belanga styles, paired with a Songkok or a Tanjak (Headgear).

How to Make a Gendang Silat

The gendang silat is traditionally crafted in pairs, comprising the Gendang Ibu and the Gendang Anak. These two drums are played simultaneously during performances to produce a harmonious rhythm that aligns with the concepts and disciplines of silat art. Consequently, the traditional production of the Gendang Silat always involves crafting these complementary drums together.

Primary Materials and Wood Selection

The Gendang Silat is made from hardwoods such as jackfruit wood (Kayu Nangka), Sertang, or Merbau, all valued for their strength and durability. Jackfruit wood is particularly favoured for its ability to produce a unique and distinctive sound, distinguishing the Gendang Silat from regular drums. Additionally, Jelutong or Jelatoh wood, with its soft texture, is also used for its ease of carving. The choice of wood largely depends on the availability of raw materials, especially in areas of Perak known for their active gendang production.

The Gendang Silat In Perak is often played alongside other traditional instruments such as the Serunai, Beduk, Gedombak, Geduk, Jidur, Kompang, and other musical instruments associated with silat. It is performed by two players, each playing the gendang ibu and gendang anak. The drumming styles are categorized into ten distinct types of beats, each with its unique characteristics and rhythms:

Sergeh

Derived from the name of the rattan used to secure the drum skin. It is played gently and methodically, with single beats following each other. It features nine variations of rhythms.

Balun

Meaning "to strike forcefully" in the Pahang dialect. It involves strong strikes, seven times on the drum's base and head.

Sambar

Refers to swift and sharp interjections. The beats are rapid, with two quick consecutive strikes.

Gerpak

Played simultaneously on both drum surfaces using open palms. This technique produces synchronized beats in line with the tempo.

Tala

Represents tonal alignment. The beats are rapid, precise, and directed in a single flow.

Betala

Involves successive, alternating beats. The rhythm may sound slightly disjointed but maintains the overall tempo.

Kode

Refers to fast movements, with quick strikes that abruptly stop the tempo.

Dayung

Mimics the motion of paddling a boat. The rhythm resembles the strokes of rowing.

Sendayung

Produces echoing sounds that alternate and resonate, creating a flowing and responsive rhythm.

Galang Ganjur

Symbolizes obstructive actions. The beats sound staggered, resembling a halting motion.

These drumming styles, with their distinct rhythms and techniques, enrich the gendang silat performance, complementing the movements and energy of silat practitioners while adding depth to the cultural expression.

-